Jatak

Jatak refers to a collection of ancient Indian stories, primarily Buddhist in origin, that recount the previous lives of the Buddha. These narratives, known as Jataka tales, describe the Buddha in various forms, from animals to humans, and illustrate his development of virtues such as generosity, patience, and wisdom over countless lifetimes. Each tale typically ends with a moral or lesson, often linking the events of the past life to a present-day situation involving the Buddha and his disciples.

The Jatakas are considered an important part of Buddhist literature, providing insights into the ethical teachings and the concept of karma. They have been influential in shaping Buddhist art and culture across Asia, with numerous depictions of Jataka stories found in temple murals, sculptures, and other artistic expressions. The stories are not solely religious; they also offer a window into ancient Indian society, customs, and beliefs. While the core collection is associated with Theravada Buddhism, similar narratives of previous lives are found in other Buddhist traditions as well. The exact origins and dating of the earliest Jataka tales are debated among scholars, but they are generally considered to have been compiled over several centuries.