JP5

Jet Propellant 5 (JP-5) is a kerosene-based jet fuel used by military aviation. It is designated F-44 in NATO classifications and is closely related to other jet fuels in its class. JP-5 was developed to meet the needs of shipboard operations.

Developed in the 1950s, JP-5 has a higher flash point than earlier fuels such as JP-4. The elevated flash point improves safety for on-board handling, storage, and operations on aircraft carriers and other confined maritime environments, where ignition risks must be minimized.

JP-5 is formulated for stable storage and reliable performance in naval aircraft engines. It is largely compatible with a range of turbine engines used by naval aircraft and includes additives to protect against corrosion and other degradation. Its flash point is typically around 60°C, and it is less volatile than some other jet fuels, aiding longer on-board storage.

Operational use: JP-5 was the standard fuel for United States Navy carrier-based aircraft and was adopted by several NATO navies for their maritime aviation. It supported a broad spectrum of fleet aircraft and helped unify onboard fueling practices in naval environments.

Current status: As joint logistics and standardization evolved, JP-8 has become the common jet fuel in many services, leading to a gradual phase-out of new JP-5 stock. Nevertheless, JP-5 remains in use on some ships and in certain legacy systems where logistics and compatibility require it.