Jännitejakutaulu

Jännitejakutaulu, often translated as voltage divider, is a simple passive linear circuit that produces an output voltage (Vout) that is a fraction of its input voltage (Vin). It is composed of two or more impedances, typically resistors, in series. The output voltage is taken across one of the impedances.

The most basic form of a voltage divider consists of two resistors, R1 and R2, connected in series to an input voltage source. The output voltage is measured across R2. The formula for the output voltage in this configuration is Vout = Vin * (R2 / (R1 + R2)). This formula demonstrates that the output voltage is directly proportional to the input voltage and the ratio of R2 to the total resistance.

Voltage dividers are widely used in electronics for various purposes. They can be used to reduce a high voltage to a lower, usable level for sensitive components. They are also employed in sensors, such as potentiometers, where the position of a wiper changes the resistance ratio and thus the output voltage, providing a way to measure linear or angular displacement. Additionally, voltage dividers can be used for signal level shifting or as part of more complex circuits like filters.

It is important to note that a voltage divider draws current from the source, and its output voltage can be affected by the load connected to it. If the load has a significantly lower impedance than the divider resistors, the output voltage will drop, as the load effectively becomes part of the divider network. This loading effect is a crucial consideration when designing and using voltage dividers.