Itza

Itza, also written Itzá or Itza’, refers to a Maya ethnolinguistic group and their language. The Itza inhabited the southern Petén region of present-day Guatemala, principally around Lake Petén Itzá, with their ceremonial and political center at the island city of Nojpetén (also known as Tayasal).

Historically, the Itza formed a distinct Postclassic Maya polity that exercised influence over portions of the Petén basin and interacted with neighboring Maya groups such as the Kowoj. The capital on Nojpetén remained a major center until the late 17th century, when Spanish forces led by Martín de Ursúa captured the island in 1697, marking the effective end of Itza political independence and accelerating colonial integration of the region. In the years that followed, Itza people and their descendants gradually merged into broader Guatemalan society, though communities identifying as Itza’ and their languages persisted in some areas.

Language and culture: The Itza’ language is a Mayan language belonging to the Yucatecan branch. It has historically been spoken by the Itza’ people in the Petén region, but by the 21st century it was highly endangered, with only a small number of fluent speakers remaining, mainly among older generations. Efforts to document and revitalize Itza’ include linguistic research, educational programs, and community initiatives.

Modern status: Today, Itza’ identity persists in Petén among descendants living in Guatemala. The region around Lake Petén Itzá remains important for Maya heritage, archaeology, and tourism, with Nojpetén and nearby sites continuing to attract researchers and visitors alike.