Isotropní

Isotropné is a term used in various scientific and technical fields to describe properties or behavior that are the same in all directions. The concept of isotropy contrasts with anisotropy, where properties vary depending on the direction of measurement.

In physics, an isotropic material exhibits uniform physical properties, such as refractive index, elasticity, or thermal conductivity, regardless of the orientation of the sample. For example, a perfectly isotropic crystal would have the same strength and response to stress no matter which crystallographic axis is stressed. Light passing through an isotropic medium, like water or glass, will travel at the same speed in all directions.

In mathematics, an isotropic vector space is a vector space where the inner product of any vector with itself is the same for all non-zero vectors. This concept is fundamental in understanding geometric properties and transformations.

The term "isotrope" can also be applied to fields, such as an isotropic radiation field, which emits or absorbs energy uniformly in all directions. Understanding isotropy is crucial for accurate modeling and prediction in fields ranging from optics and acoustics to materials science and cosmology.