Irska

Irska, also known as Ireland, is an island in the North Atlantic. It is located to the east of Great Britain and northwest of continental Europe. The island is politically divided between the Republic of Ireland, which occupies about five-sixths of the land area, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which occupies the remaining one-sixth.

The Republic of Ireland is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union. Its capital and largest city is Dublin, situated on the east coast. The official languages of the Republic of Ireland are Irish and English, with English being the predominant spoken language. Northern Ireland's capital is Belfast, located on the northeast coast. English is the official language, and Irish and Ulster Scots are also spoken.

Ireland's landscape is characterized by a ring of coastal mountains and a central plain. It has a temperate maritime climate, with mild winters and cool summers, and abundant rainfall. The island is known for its lush green scenery, which has earned it the nickname "The Emerald Isle."

The history of Ireland is rich and complex, marked by periods of Celtic culture, Viking invasions, Norman settlements, and English rule. The island experienced a devastating famine in the mid-19th century. In the early 20th century, a struggle for independence led to the partition of the island.

Irish culture is renowned for its literature, music, and dance. Prominent figures in literature include W.B. Yeats, James Joyce, and Samuel Beckett. Traditional Irish music, characterized by instruments like the fiddle, tin whistle, and uilleann pipes, remains popular both within Ireland and internationally.