Iperekaliemia

Iperekaliemia is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally high level of potassium in the blood. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including muscle and nerve function, heart activity, and maintaining proper fluid balance. In iperekaliemia, the potassium levels exceed the normal range, typically above 5.0 mEq/L.

The primary causes of iperekaliemia include excessive potassium intake, certain medications, renal failure, and conditions that affect potassium balance, such as Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome. Symptoms of iperekaliemia can vary and may include muscle weakness, fatigue, irregular heart rhythms, and in severe cases, cardiac arrest.

Diagnosis of iperekaliemia is typically confirmed through blood tests that measure potassium levels. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. In mild cases, dietary modifications and fluid restriction may be sufficient. In more severe cases, medications such as diuretics or insulin may be used to lower potassium levels. In cases of acute iperekaliemia, immediate medical intervention may be necessary to prevent life-threatening complications.

Prevention of iperekaliemia involves maintaining a balanced diet, avoiding excessive potassium-rich foods, and monitoring potassium levels in individuals with known risk factors. Regular medical check-ups and adherence to prescribed medications can also help manage and prevent iperekaliemia.