Intrakutantests

Intrakutantests, also known as intradermal tests or intracutaneous tests, are a method of allergy testing. They involve injecting a small amount of an allergen extract directly into the dermis, the layer of skin beneath the epidermis. This is typically done on the forearm or upper back. The injection creates a small wheal, or raised bump.

Following the injection, the area is observed for a reaction, usually within 15 to 20 minutes. A positive reaction is indicated by the development of a raised, red, itchy bump (a wheal) surrounded by a red flare. The size of the wheal and flare are measured and compared to a control solution, which is also injected intradermally to ensure the test is specific to the allergen.

Intrakutantests are highly sensitive and are often used to identify specific allergies to substances like pollens, dust mites, animal dander, insect venom, and certain medications, particularly penicillin. They are generally performed by allergists or other medical professionals trained in their administration and interpretation. While sensitive, these tests can also produce false-positive results, meaning a reaction may occur even if the person is not truly allergic. Therefore, results are always interpreted in conjunction with a patient's medical history and symptoms. This testing method is generally considered safe when performed by trained professionals, with minor side effects such as temporary itching or redness at the injection site being the most common.