Inmunocromatográficas

Inmunocromatográficas refers to a type of immunoassay that utilizes chromatography for the separation and detection of substances. These tests, often referred to as lateral flow assays or immunochromatographic tests, are widely employed for their speed, simplicity, and affordability.

The fundamental principle behind an inmunocromatográfica test involves the movement of a liquid sample along a porous membrane, typically nitrocellulose. This movement is driven by capillary action. Embedded within the membrane are specific antibodies or antigens that have been conjugated to a detectable marker, such as colored particles or fluorescent molecules.

When a sample containing the target analyte is applied to the test, it migrates across the membrane. If the target analyte is present, it will bind to the antibodies or antigens immobilized on the membrane. This binding event, along with the conjugated marker, creates a visible line or signal in a designated area of the test strip, indicating a positive result. Control lines are also incorporated to ensure the test has functioned correctly.

Inmunocromatográficas assays have found extensive applications in diverse fields. They are commonly used in point-of-care diagnostics for detecting infectious diseases like influenza and COVID-19, as well as for pregnancy tests and drug screening. In agriculture, they are used for detecting plant pathogens and animal diseases. Their ease of use allows for rapid qualitative or semi-quantitative results without the need for specialized laboratory equipment, making them invaluable tools for widespread diagnostic purposes.