Inkomstgrupper

Inkomstgrupper refer to the classification of individuals or households into categories based on their level of income. These groupings are widely used in economics, sociology, and public policy to analyze income distribution, poverty, and social stratification. The specific income thresholds used to define these groups can vary significantly depending on the country, the year of the study, and the purpose of the analysis.

Commonly, income groups are defined in relation to a country's median income. For instance, a household earning less than 50% of the median income might be considered low-income, while those earning more than twice the median income could be classified as high-income. Other approaches include using absolute poverty lines, such as the internationally recognized $1.90 per day (in 2011 Purchasing Power Parity terms), or dividing the population into quantiles, such as quintiles (five equal groups) or deciles (ten equal groups).

The analysis of income groups helps policymakers understand the economic well-being of different segments of the population. This information is crucial for designing targeted social programs, tax policies, and economic development strategies. For example, data on low-income groups can inform decisions about welfare benefits, affordable housing initiatives, and job training programs. Conversely, understanding high-income groups can guide discussions on progressive taxation and wealth redistribution. The concept of income groups also highlights issues of economic inequality and social mobility.