Inesszíveszközös

Inesszíveszközös is a term used in Hungarian linguistics to describe a phenomenon related to the expression of instrumental means in clause structure. The term refers to sentences or constructions in which the instrument or means by which an action is carried out is not explicitly expressed, or is recoverable from context, rather than being obligatory in the grammar.

Origin and etymology: The word is a neologism formed from eszköz (tool) combined with the suffix -ös (pertaining to) and an implied negation element. It is used in scholarly discussions to mark the absence of a dedicated instrumental phrase and to discuss how means can be inferred or omitted.

Characteristics: Inesszíveszközös constructions are characterized by omission of instrumental phrases and reliance on context or knowledge about the means. They can occur in languages with optional instrumental marking or in discourse where the instrument is obvious. They are distinct from full instrumental constructions in that the carrier of means is not obligatorily present.

Distribution and usage: The term is primarily found in theoretical or typological discussions and is not widely standardized. It may appear in Hungarian-language articles on syntax, semantics, or discourse analysis.

Examples: In theoretical discussion, a sentence that implies “with a tool” but omits explicit mention of the tool may be described as inesszíveszközös; actual examples vary by language and analysis.

See also: instrument, eszköz, eszközös, instrumental case, language typology.