Inabilite

Inabilite (inability) is a state characterized by the lack of capacity to perform certain actions or to manage one’s affairs. The term is used across legal, medical, and social contexts to describe limits in functioning, autonomy, or decision-making.

In legal systems, incapacity refers to a determination that an individual cannot legally act on their own behalf, which may result in guardianship or conservatorship. The scope can be total or partial, temporary or permanent, and may affect entering into contracts, managing property, or giving consent for medical treatment. Protective arrangements, such as guardians or curators, are intended to safeguard the person and their assets while seeking to preserve autonomy where possible.

In medical and rehabilitation settings, incapacity is often described as functional inability to carry out activities of daily living (ADLs) or instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). It can arise from aging, injury, stroke, chronic illness, or cognitive disorders; assessment tools vary by region and discipline. Treatment focuses on rehabilitation, assistive devices, environmental modifications, and supported decision-making.

In sociopolitical discussions, incapacity intersects with disability rights, autonomy, and dignity. Modern approaches emphasize person-centered care, accommodations, and, where appropriate, supported decision-making rather than unilateral substitution of judgment.

See also: inability, disability, incapacity, guardianship, conservatorship, durable power of attorney, cognitive impairment, functional decline.