Immunohistokeerimise

Immunohistokeerimise, often referred to as immunohistochemistry (IHC), is a laboratory technique used to detect and locate specific antigens in tissue samples. It combines the principles of immunology with those of microscopy. In essence, it involves using antibodies that are specifically designed to bind to a particular antigen of interest. These antibodies are then labeled with a detectable marker, such as an enzyme or a fluorescent dye. When applied to a tissue section, the labeled antibodies will bind to the target antigen, if present. The presence and location of the antigen can then be visualized under a microscope due to the signal emitted by the marker. This allows researchers and clinicians to determine where and in what quantity a specific protein or molecule exists within a tissue. IHC is widely used in various fields, including cancer diagnosis, infectious disease research, and developmental biology. It is particularly valuable for identifying cellular markers that can aid in diagnosing specific types of cancer, predicting prognosis, and guiding treatment decisions. The technique requires careful preparation of tissue samples, selection of appropriate antibodies, and precise execution of the staining procedure to ensure accurate and reliable results.