Immunitáscsökkenés

Im­munit­ä­s­csök­ken­és is a Hun­gar­i­an term that trans­lates to "imm­une sys­tem sup­pres­sion" or "im­mune defi­cien­cy" in Eng­lish. It refers to a state where the im­mune sys­tem's ab­il­ity to ef­fec­tive­ly de­fend the body a­gainst in­fec­tions and dis­eases is weak­ened. This sup­pres­sion can be a re­sult of var­i­ous fac­tors, both in­ter­nal and ex­ter­nal.

One common cause of im­munit­ä­s­csök­ken­és is the use of im­m­unos­up­pres­sant med­ic­a­tions. These drugs are of­ten pre­scribed to pa­tients who have re­ceived or­gan trans­plants to pre­vent their bod­ies from re­ject­ing the new or­gan. They are al­so used in the treat­ment of cer­tain au­toim­mune dis­eases, where the im­mune sys­tem un­fair­ly at­tacks the body's own tis­sues.

An­oth­er sig­ni­fic­ant cause is cer­tain med­ic­al con­di­tions. Human im­muno­de­fic­ien­cy vi­rus (HIV) infec­tion, which can pro­gress to ac­quired im­muno­de­fic­ien­cy syn­drome (AIDS), is a well-known ex­am­ple. Various types of can­cer, par­tic­u­lar­ly those a­ffec­t­ing the bone mar­row or lymph­at­ic sys­tem, can al­so lead to im­mune sup­pres­sion. In­her­i­ted or pri­ma­ry im­mune defi­cien­cies are a group of ge­net­ic dis­or­ders that pre­vent the im­mune sys­tem from func­tion­ing prop­er­ly from birth.

Ex­ter­nal fac­tors can al­so con­trib­ute to im­munit­ä­s­csök­ken­és. Mal­nu­tri­tion, es­pe­cial­ly defi­cien­cies in cer­tain vi­ta­mins and min­er­als, can im­pair im­mune func­tion. Ex­cess­ive stress and lack of ade­quate sleep can al­so ne­ga­tive­ly im­pact the im­mune sys­tem over time.