Ileumda

Ileumda is the Turkish locative form meaning “in the ileum.” In medical language, ileumda is used to describe findings located in the ileum, the terminal portion of the small intestine. The ileum extends from the end of the jejunum to the ileocecal valve and consists of proximal, middle, and distal segments. The mucosa contains abundant villi and microvilli, goblet cells, and prominent lymphoid tissue, including Peyer’s patches. The terminal ileum is the main site for absorption of bile acids and vitamin B12 and plays a key role in enterohepatic circulation. It also contributes to nutrient absorption and immune defense through gut-associated lymphoid tissue.

The vascular supply arises from the ileal branches of the superior mesenteric artery, with venous drainage via the superior mesenteric vein. Lymphatics accompany the vessels to mesenteric nodes, and innervation is autonomic.

Clinical relevance includes inflammatory and infectious conditions. Crohn’s disease frequently involves the terminal ileum, causing ileitis, strictures, and malabsorption. Other conditions include infectious ileitis, Ileal ulcers, and Meckel’s diverticulum, a congenital lesion often located in the ileum. Diagnostics employ capsule endoscopy, CT enterography, MR enterography, and ileocolonoscopy with biopsy; fecal calprotectin can aid assessment. Treatment depends on the condition and may involve anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapy for inflammatory diseases, while surgical resection may be required for strictures or perforation. Resection of the terminal ileum can impair bile acid reabsorption, leading to bile acid diarrhea and fat malabsorption.