Hüperpigmentatsiooni

Hüperpigmentatsiooni is a common skin condition characterized by the darkening of patches of skin. This darkening occurs when excess melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color, builds up in certain areas. Melanin is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes.

There are several causes of hüperpigmentatsiooni. One of the most frequent is sun exposure. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation stimulates melanocytes to produce more melanin, leading to sunspots or age spots. Another common cause is inflammation, known as post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. This can occur after skin injuries such as acne, eczema, or burns, where the skin's healing process results in increased melanin production. Hormonal changes can also trigger hüperpigmentatsiooni, particularly during pregnancy, leading to melasma, which often appears as brown patches on the face. Certain medications, medical conditions like Addison's disease, and even friction can contribute to the development of darkened skin patches.

Hüperpigmentatsiooni is generally harmless, but it can be a cosmetic concern for many individuals. Treatment options vary depending on the cause and severity of the hyperpigmentation. They may include topical treatments like retinoids, hydroquinone, or azelaic acid, as well as chemical peels, microdermabrasion, and laser therapy. Sun protection is crucial in preventing and managing hyperpigmentation, as UV exposure can worsen existing dark spots and trigger new ones. Consulting a dermatologist can help determine the most appropriate treatment plan for an individual's specific type of hyperpigmentation.