Hørende

Hörende is a German term used in Deaf studies and everyday discourse to refer to people with typical hearing. The word is formed from the adjective hörend (hearing) and is used as a noun to designate those who hear, in contrast to Gehörlose, who are Deaf, or to people with different degrees of hearing impairment in some contexts. In German-speaking regions, Hörende functions as a sociolinguistic category rather than a medical label.

In sociolinguistic and cultural contexts, Hörende is employed to discuss communication dynamics, access to sign languages, and educational inclusion. The term is often used when contrasting the experiences and practices of Deaf communities with those of hearing individuals, for example in discussions about German Sign Language (Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS), subtitles, interpreters, and other accessibility measures. It helps frame conversations about language choice, cultural identity, and social participation in settings ranging from schools to media.

Usage and interpretation vary. Some scholars and communities view Hörende as a neutral descriptive label that highlights differences in communication needs or cultural practices. Others criticize the term for reinforcing a binary between hearing and Deaf communities or for implying a default norm of hearing. Critics also caution that not all individuals who hear identify with or fit neatly into the Hörende category, and that identity can be multifaceted and contextual.

See also: German Sign Language, Gehörlosigkeit (Deafness), Deaf culture.