Hõõrdkettaid

Hõõrdkettaid, often translated as friction discs or friction plates, are components used in various mechanical systems to transmit or control rotational motion through friction. They are typically found in clutches, brakes, and some types of variable speed drives. The principle of operation relies on the friction between two surfaces under pressure. When one disc is rotated and pressed against another stationary or rotating disc, the frictional force generated causes the second disc to move or to resist motion.

In a clutch system, friction discs are essential for engaging and disengaging the engine from the transmission. When the clutch pedal is released, the friction disc is pressed against the flywheel, allowing power to flow to the transmission. When the pedal is pressed, the disc is disengaged, interrupting the power flow. The material of the friction disc is crucial for its performance, needing to withstand high temperatures and wear while providing consistent friction. Common materials include organic composites, ceramic, or metallic compounds.

In braking systems, friction discs (often called brake rotors when part of a disc brake assembly) work in conjunction with brake pads. The brake pads are squeezed against the rotating disc, and the resulting friction converts the kinetic energy of the vehicle into heat, slowing it down. The design of the friction disc, including its surface texture and ventilation, can affect braking performance and heat dissipation. Variable speed drives may also employ friction discs to achieve a range of output speeds by altering the contact points or pressure between discs.