Hämthorax

Hämthorax refers to the presence of blood within the pleural space, the area between the lungs and the chest wall. This condition is typically caused by trauma to the chest, such as blunt force injury or penetrating wounds, which can damage blood vessels in the chest wall or lungs. Spontaneous hämthorax can occur in individuals with bleeding disorders or those taking anticoagulant medications.

The accumulation of blood in the pleural space can compress the lung, leading to respiratory distress. Symptoms may include shortness of breath, chest pain, rapid breathing, and a drop in blood pressure. In severe cases, it can be life-threatening. Diagnosis is usually made through chest X-ray or ultrasound, which can reveal the fluid collection.

Treatment for hämthorax depends on the amount of blood and the underlying cause. Small amounts may resolve on their own, but larger collections often require thoracentesis, a procedure to drain the blood using a needle or tube. In cases of significant bleeding, a chest tube (tube thoracostomy) may be inserted to continuously drain the blood and allow the lung to re-expand. Surgical intervention might be necessary for persistent bleeding or to repair damaged blood vessels.