Häkämyrkytys

Häkämyrkytys, also known as carbon monoxide poisoning, occurs when the body inhales too much carbon monoxide gas. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is produced by the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing materials. This can happen in homes with faulty furnaces, car exhaust in enclosed spaces, or even from burning charcoal indoors.

When inhaled, carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood much more effectively than oxygen. This reduces the blood's ability to carry oxygen to vital organs like the brain and heart. Symptoms can vary depending on the concentration of carbon monoxide and the duration of exposure. Mild exposure may cause headaches, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. More severe poisoning can lead to confusion, vomiting, loss of consciousness, seizures, and even death.

Diagnosis is typically made based on the patient's symptoms and exposure history. Measuring carboxyhemoglobin levels in the blood can confirm the diagnosis. Treatment involves immediately removing the affected individual from the source of carbon monoxide and administering pure oxygen. In severe cases, hyperbaric oxygen therapy may be used to help remove carbon monoxide from the bloodstream more quickly. Prevention is key and involves ensuring proper ventilation for fuel-burning appliances, avoiding running vehicles in enclosed spaces, and using carbon monoxide detectors in homes.