Hädava

Hädava is a term that can refer to several things, most commonly a type of traditional Estonian rye bread. This bread is typically made with dark rye flour, sourdough starter, and sometimes a blend of spices like caraway or coriander. The preparation often involves a long fermentation process, contributing to its dense texture and distinctive sour flavor. Hädava bread is a staple in Estonian cuisine and is often served with meals or enjoyed on its own.

Beyond the culinary context, "Hädava" can also be used colloquially in Estonian as an exclamation of surprise or dismay, similar to "Oh dear!" or "Good heavens!" in English. The specific meaning in this instance is usually conveyed through intonation and context.

In some less common contexts, "Hädava" might appear as a surname or as a place name, though these uses are significantly rarer than its association with the bread or the exclamation. The origins of the word are believed to be related to the concept of sustenance or necessity.