HuygensFresnelin

HuygensFresnelin is a theoretical construct in wave optics that blends the Huygens–Fresnel principle with a modern transfer-function framework to model wave propagation in complex media. Named for Christiaan Huygens and Augustin-Jean Fresnel, the concept is used in theoretical and computational discussions as a compact way to describe diffraction and wavefront evolution beyond simple approximations.

The approach posits that every point on a propagating wavefront acts as a secondary source, emitting a wave whose amplitude and phase are determined by a local kernel encoding the medium’s properties, boundary conditions, and near-field effects. The total field results from integrating these contributions, naturally capturing interference patterns and diffraction. The kernel can incorporate anisotropy, dispersion, and spatial inhomogeneity to handle layered, curved, or microstructured environments.

Applications and limitations: It is used in computational optics to simulate propagation where near-field effects and complex interfaces are important, such as metasurfaces and waveguides. While offering a transparent wave-based picture, the method can be computationally intensive and sensitive to kernel choice; in many practical cases standard diffraction theories remain sufficient and more efficient.

Relationship to existing concepts: HuygensFresnelin relates to the traditional Huygens–Fresnel principle and to generalized diffraction theories, serving as a bridge between classical wavefront construction and transfer-function methods.