Hlutstjórn

Hlutstjórn is an Icelandic term used to describe a coalition government, a form of executive power-sharing among two or more political parties that together hold a majority in the legislature. It typically arises in parliamentary systems when no single party wins an outright majority after elections, making cooperation essential for stable governance. A coalition agreement usually outlines policy priorities, a plan for governing, and the distribution of ministerial posts among the partner parties.

Forming and maintaining a coalition involves negotiation and compromise. Cabinets are composed of ministers from the coalition parties, and portfolios are allocated according to the agreement. Leaders from the participating parties may share or rotate key positions, such as the prime minister, depending on the terms of the arrangement. The coalition must maintain enough support in the legislature to survive votes on budgets and laws; disagreements can threaten stability and may lead to a government reshuffle, a vote of confidence, or new elections.

In Icelandic politics, hlutstjórn refers to the governing arrangement that emerges from coalition talks in the Alþingi, the national parliament. After elections, party leaders and the president consult to identify a viable majority for a coalition, which then forms the cabinet from the coalition partners. The government’s program is presented to and often approved by the Althing. Stability depends on continued cooperation and alignment on major policy issues; if the coalition fragments, a new coalition tends to be formed or elections may be called. Hlutstjórn can broaden representation and policy input but may require concessions that complicate decision-making.