Hippopotamids

Hippopotamids are a family of large, semi-aquatic mammals native to sub-Saharan Africa. The family contains only two extant genera, Hippopotamus and Choeropsis, each with a single living species. These are the common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) and the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis). Hippopotamids are characterized by their barrel-shaped bodies, short legs, large mouths, and thick, nearly hairless skin. They are herbivores, primarily feeding on grasses at night.

Despite their massive size and seemingly placid nature, hippopotamids are considered one of the most dangerous animals in Africa. They are highly territorial and can be aggressive, especially when threatened or protecting their young. Their large canines and incisors, along with their powerful jaws, can inflict severe injuries. Hippopotamids spend most of their day submerged in water or mud, which helps to keep their skin moist and cool. They emerge at dusk to graze on land.

The common hippopotamus is the larger of the two species, weighing up to 3,000 kilograms. They live in social groups called pods, typically led by a dominant male. The pygmy hippopotamus is significantly smaller and more solitary, preferring dense forests and swamps. Both species face threats from habitat loss and poaching, leading to conservation concerns for their populations. Fossil evidence suggests that hippopotamids once had a wider distribution and greater diversity.