Himalajat

Himalajat refers to the Himalayan mountain system in Asia. The range stretches about 2,400 kilometers (1,500 miles) from west to east, spanning parts of Pakistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China (Tibet). Its highest point is Mount Everest, on the Nepal–Tibet border, at 8,848 meters above sea level.

Geology and formation: The Himalayas formed from the ongoing collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate, a process that began around 50 million years ago and continues today. The range comprises several parallel ridges and valleys and includes subranges such as the High Himalaya, Central Himalaya, and Lesser Himalaya.

Climate and ecology: Elevation creates a range of climates, from subtropical forests at the foothills to permanent snow and ice at high elevations. The region contains glaciers feeding major river basins. Flora ranges from pine and rhododendron forests to alpine meadows and scrub; fauna includes the snow leopard, Himalayan musk deer, red panda, and various birds such as the Himalayan monal.

Human geography and cultural significance: The Himalayas are home to diverse communities and languages, with economies centered on farming, trade, and increasingly tourism and mountaineering. The range hosts famous trekking regions and is important in Hindu and Buddhist religious traditions.

Environmental and conservation issues: The range faces climate-change-related effects, including glacial retreat and increased hazards such as floods and landslides. Protected areas and UNESCO World Heritage properties include Sagarmatha National Park in Nepal and Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks in India.