Hiilidisulfidin

Hiilidisulfidin, in English carbon disulfide, is an organosulfur compound with the formula CS2. It is a colorless, highly volatile liquid at room temperature and has a distinctive odor. The molecule is linear, with the structure S=C=S, and it is nonpolar, soluble in many organic solvents but only sparingly soluble in water.

Properties and behavior: CS2 has a boiling point of 46.3 °C and a density around 1.26 g/cm3 in the liquid phase. It is highly flammable and forms explosive mixtures with air. It is relatively reactive under radical conditions and can polymerize or react with strong nucleophiles. In the environment, CS2 undergoes atmospheric oxidation and can contribute to sulfur-containing air pollutants.

Occurrence and production: In nature, CS2 occurs only in trace amounts in fossil fuels and volcanic emissions. Industrially, it is produced and handled as a commercial chemical for use as a solvent and chemical feedstock. It is often obtained in processes related to natural gas, petroleum refining, and various sulfur-containing byproducts.

Uses: The primary industrial use of CS2 is as a nonpolar solvent for fats, oils, rubber, and various gums. It is a key intermediate in the viscose rayon process and in the production of certain specialty polymers and organosulfur compounds.

Safety and handling: CS2 is highly toxic and has well-documented neurotoxic effects with prolonged exposure. It is also a flammable hazard and should be stored and handled with appropriate ventilation and protective equipment. Regulatory and occupational exposure guidelines exist due to its health and fire hazards.