Hexachlorophene

Hexachlorophene is an organochlorine antiseptic compound used to reduce skin bacteria. It is a chlorinated phenol derivative and is commonly described by the formula C13H6Cl6O; the substance is also known by brand names such as PhisoHex in some formulations. Historically, hexachlorophene was incorporated into consumer soaps and skin cleansers and was a common component in hospital hand and body washes, as well as surgical scrubs.

Uses and applications have declined due to safety concerns. It has been employed as a broad-spectrum antiseptic, primarily effective against Gram-positive bacteria, with varying activity against other microbes. In clinical settings, hexachlorophene was used in presurgical scrubs and patient cleansing products under controlled conditions.

Safety and regulatory status are the central considerations. Hexachlorophene can be absorbed through the skin and may accumulate, with reported neurotoxic effects in severe or repeated exposures, especially in premature or vulnerable infants. These safety concerns led to regulatory actions restricting its use in consumer products in several countries, including a U.S. prohibition on hexachlorophene in over-the-counter products in the early 1970s. Today, its use is typically limited to specific prescription or hospital-grade products under professional supervision, and warnings emphasize avoiding large-area or prolonged exposure, particularly in infants and in those with broken or irritated skin.

In summary, hexachlorophene is a historically important antiseptic whose safe use is now restricted to certain professional medical contexts due to its potential neurotoxicity.