Hemmungsimpuls
Hemmungsimpuls, literally “inhibition impulse,” is a neural signal that reduces the activity of a neuron, neuronal network, or muscle. It contrasts with excitatory impulses that promote action potentials. In the nervous system, hemmungsimpulses are typically chemical signals transmitted at synapses, most commonly through inhibitory neurotransmitters such as gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glycine. Their activation makes the generation of action potentials less likely by diminishing neuronal excitability.
Mechanisms of inhibition occur mainly as postsynaptic or presynaptic processes. Postsynaptic inhibition hyperpolarizes the target neuron
Functions of hemmungsimpuls include shaping neural processing, maintaining network stability, and refining motor control and sensory
Clinical relevance exists where inhibitory signaling is altered. Reduced inhibition is associated with conditions such as