Hasnyálkiválasztás

Hasnyálkiválasztás, also known as gastrinoma, is a rare type of tumor that develops in the cells of the stomach lining, specifically the G cells, which produce the hormone gastrin. Gastrin plays a crucial role in stimulating the production of stomach acid, which aids in the digestion of food. Gastrinomás can be classified into two main types: functional gastrinoma and non-functional gastrinoma. Functional gastrinoma is characterized by the excessive production of gastrin, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, weight loss, and abdominal pain. Non-functional gastrinoma, on the other hand, does not produce excessive gastrin and is usually asymptomatic.

The diagnosis of gastrinoma typically involves a combination of blood tests to measure gastrin levels, imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to locate the tumor, and sometimes, an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) to further evaluate the tumor's size and location. Treatment options for gastrinoma depend on the size of the tumor, the patient's symptoms, and the presence of metastases. Small, non-functional tumors may not require treatment, while larger tumors or those causing symptoms may be treated with surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy.

Gastrinoma is a rare condition, with an estimated incidence of about 0.5 to 1.5 cases per million people per year. The prognosis for patients with gastrinoma varies depending on the tumor's size, location, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. Early detection and treatment can lead to a good prognosis, with many patients experiencing long-term survival. However, the presence of metastases or a large, invasive tumor can significantly impact the prognosis. Regular follow-up and monitoring are essential for patients with gastrinoma to detect any recurrence or spread of the tumor.