Hanthawaddys

Hanthawaddy was a historical kingdom in Burma, present-day Myanmar. It emerged in the 13th century and rose to prominence in the 14th century, establishing its capital at Bago. The Hanthawaddy Kingdom was a significant power in mainland Southeast Asia, known for its maritime trade and cultural achievements. It was founded by Wareru, a Mon leader, who unified several Mon states.

The kingdom experienced periods of expansion and decline. Its most glorious era was under King Dhammazedi in the late 15th century, a period characterized by peace, prosperity, and religious development. Dhammazedi was a devout Buddhist and a patron of the faith, leading to extensive temple construction and the establishment of a reformed monastic order. The kingdom's influence extended across much of lower Burma, and it engaged in trade with China, India, and the West.

Hanthawaddy's dominance was challenged by emerging powers, particularly the Toungoo Dynasty. In 1539, Toungoo conquered Bago, effectively ending the Hanthawaddy Kingdom. However, the legacy of Hanthawaddy persisted, influencing subsequent Mon culture and identity. The Mon people, who formed the core of the Hanthawaddy population, maintained their distinct language and traditions. The historical site of Bago, the former capital, remains an important cultural and religious center in modern Myanmar.