Hangtartomány

Hangtartomány (Hungarian for “pitch range”) refers to the span of audible frequencies for which an instrument, voice, or any sound source can produce tones, usually measured in musical intervals such as octaves. The concept is fundamental in music theory, acoustics, and instrument design because it determines the expressive capability of a performer or device.

In practical terms, a vocal range is the lowest and highest pitches a singer can produce comfortably or with full control. For example, a typical professional soprano has a range from middle C (C4) to high A (A5), covering roughly two octaves and a fourth. Musical instruments also follow this definition: a concert flute can play from middle C up to C7, about four octaves, whereas a double bass ranges from E1 to G4, about three octaves. Electronic instruments and synthesizers often provide extended or custom ranges, sometimes exceeding the limits of acoustic counterparts.

Hangtartomány is measured in equal‑tempered semitones or hexagrams: one semitone is one twelfth of an octave. When expressing ranges, composers and musicians often refer to the start and end pitch using scientific pitch notation (e.g., C4–C7). The perceived quality of a range is not only about its span but also about the musical color and dynamic possibilities across that span. A narrow range can still be expressive if the instrument offers great tonal variation, while a wide range may also be limited if the extremes are difficult to produce consistently.

In summary, hangtartomány is a key descriptor for musicians, instrument makers, and educators, helping to define capabilities, guide repertoire selection, and compare the technical demands of different vocal or instrumental parts.