Handelsschiffahrtsregeln

Handelsschiffahrtsregeln, also known as the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, commonly abbreviated as COLREGs, are a set of rules designed to prevent collisions between vessels at sea. These rules are adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and are legally binding for all ships on the high seas and in waters connected to the high seas and used by seagoing vessels. COLREGs cover various aspects of navigation, including lights and shapes, steering and sailing rules, sound and light signals, and distress signals. The primary objective of these regulations is to ensure the safety of navigation and to protect human life and property at sea. They establish clear responsibilities for vessel operators, particularly in situations where vessels are approaching each other, to avoid collisions. The rules define concepts such as "power-driven vessel," "vessel constrained by her draught," and "vessel not under command," each with specific navigational obligations. The steering and sailing rules dictate which vessel has the right of way in different scenarios, such as crossing, head-on, or overtaking situations, and outline the actions required by both the give-way and stand-on vessels. Sound and light signals are standardized to communicate intentions and warnings to other vessels, especially in conditions of restricted visibility. COLREGs are a fundamental component of maritime law and are crucial for the safe and efficient conduct of international shipping.