Haldane

Haldane is a surname of Scottish origin that has been borne by several notable scientists and public figures. John Scott Haldane (1860–1936), a Scottish physiologist, helped establish modern respiratory physiology. He studied gas exchange and respiration and is associated with the Haldane effect, which describes changes in hemoglobin’s affinity for carbon dioxide depending on oxygenation. His work influenced anesthesia, diving medicine, and occupational health.

John Burdon Sanderson Haldane (1892–1964), commonly known as J. B. S. Haldane, was a British geneticist and evolutionary biologist who helped pioneer population genetics and the modern synthesis. He authored The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection and contributed to ideas on the origin of life and evolution. He is also associated with Haldane's rule, a principle in speciation noting that in hybrid offspring, the heterogametic sex is more often sterile or inviable.

The name Haldane has appeared in other scientific and scholarly contexts, reflecting the impact of those who bore it. In genetics and physiology, the Haldane surname is linked to foundational concepts such as the Haldane effect and Haldane's rule, which continue to be cited in introductory and advanced treatments of their respective fields.