Hajtóert

Hajtóert is not a standard term in Hungarian technical vocabulary. In most contexts, the concept is expressed with the noun hajtóerő, meaning driving force or propulsion, and occasionally with tolóerő for a pushing force. When the term hajtóert appears, it is usually considered a misspelling, a dialectal variant, or a typographical error rather than a distinct scientific concept.

In physics and engineering, the driving force refers to the net external force that causes an object to accelerate, in accordance with Newton’s laws. In propulsion, this driving force is commonly described as thrust. Thrust can be produced by a variety of systems, such as internal-combustion engines driving wheels, electric motors propelling vehicles, or jet and rocket engines expelling mass to generate momentum transfer.

Typical formulations include the propulsion-focused expression for thrust in a jet or rocket: F = ṁ v_e + (p_e − p_0) A_e, where ṁ is the mass flow rate, v_e the exhaust velocity, p_e the exhaust pressure, p_0 the ambient pressure, and A_e the exhaust area. For ground vehicles, driving force results from engine torque transmitted through the drivetrain to the tires, balanced against resistive forces like rolling resistance and aerodynamic drag.

In Hungarian usage, hajtóerő is the standard term for propulsion or driving force in engines, machines, and aerodynamics. The form hajtóert does not denote a separate concept and is generally treated as a nonstandard variant. See also thrust, propulsion, and engine torque.