Haavakatet

Haavakatet is the Finnish term for wound dressings—sterile materials applied over wounds to protect them, manage moisture and exudate, and support healing. A dressing helps shield the wound from dirt and bacteria, cushions the tissue, and allows clinicians to inspect the wound as needed. The choice of haavakatet depends on wound type, depth, level of exudate, infection risk, and whether the wound is dry or necrotic.

Common materials and forms include gauze pads, non-adherent or gauze-free pads, adhesive films, hydrocolloids, hydrogels, foams, and alginate dressings. Some dressings are designed to absorb significant exudate, while others provide a more occlusive moist environment. Certain products may include antiseptic or antimicrobial additives, but their use follows clinical guidelines to balance infection control with tissue healing and resistance considerations. Dressings may be used alone or in combination with secondary fixation such as tape or bandages.

Application and care principles emphasize cleanliness and appropriate technique. Dressings are typically applied to a clean wound bed and secured to prevent displacement, with changes scheduled according to wound characteristics and clinical guidance. Indicators for changing include saturation, maceration of surrounding skin, or signs of infection, such as increasing redness, odor, or pain.

Historically, wound coverings have evolved from simple cloths to sophisticated, single-use dressings designed to optimize moisture balance and infection control. In Finland, haavakatet are used across hospitals and clinics in accordance with national and international wound-care standards. See also wound care and wound management.