HOCls

Hypochlorous acid, often abbreviated as HOCl, is a weak acid with the chemical formula HOCl. It is a colorless liquid that is a strong oxidizing agent. HOCl is produced naturally in the human body by white blood cells as a defense mechanism against invading pathogens. It is also manufactured industrially for various applications, including disinfection and sanitation.

In its pure form, hypochlorous acid is unstable and tends to decompose into hydrochloric acid and oxygen. However, it is often used in aqueous solutions, where it exists in equilibrium with its conjugate base, the hypochlorite ion (OCl⁻). The effectiveness of HOCl as a disinfectant is attributed to its ability to oxidize and break down the cellular structures of microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi.

HOCl is widely recognized for its efficacy in killing a broad spectrum of pathogens with minimal toxicity to humans and animals. It is used in a variety of settings, including hospitals for sterilization, food processing plants for surface disinfection, and in water treatment facilities. It is also found in consumer products like wound care solutions and household disinfectants due to its safe profile and rapid action. The production of HOCl typically involves the electrolysis of saltwater.