HER2ÜberexpressionAmplifikation

HER2 overexpression is a phenomenon observed in certain types of cancer, most notably breast cancer, where the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene is amplified, leading to an overproduction of the HER2 protein. This protein is a receptor found on the surface of cells that plays a role in cell growth and division. In HER2-overexpressing cancers, this receptor is present in much higher than normal amounts. This overabundance can drive uncontrolled cell proliferation, contributing to a more aggressive form of the cancer.

The discovery of HER2 overexpression has been a significant advancement in cancer treatment. It identified a specific target for therapy. The development of HER2-targeted drugs, such as trastuzumab, has revolutionized the management of HER2-positive breast cancer, leading to improved survival rates and better patient outcomes. Diagnosis of HER2 overexpression is typically performed through immunohistochemistry (IHC) or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on tumor tissue samples. These tests help determine the status of HER2, guiding treatment decisions. While most commonly associated with breast cancer, HER2 overexpression can also be found in other cancers, including gastric, esophageal, and ovarian cancers, and targeted therapies are being explored for these indications as well.