HAusscheidung

Ausscheidung, in German sometimes written as Ausscheidung, is the biological process by which living organisms eliminate waste products and foreign substances from their bodies. It is essential for maintaining homeostasis, osmoregulation, acid–base balance, and detoxification.

The primary excretory organs in humans are the kidneys, liver, lungs, skin, and digestive tract. The kidneys filter blood to form urine, removing water, electrolytes, urea, and other waste products while reabsorbing needed substances. The liver metabolizes toxins and drugs through biotransformation, producing water-soluble compounds that are excreted into bile or urine. The lungs eliminate carbon dioxide and water vapor as part of respiration. The skin excretes salts and small amounts of urea through perspiration. The digestive tract can excrete solid waste (feces), which contains undigested material, bile pigments, and metabolic byproducts.

Excretion can be categorized into urinary excretion (primarily urine), fecal excretion (solid waste), respiratory excretion (gas exchange, mainly CO2 and some volatile compounds), and cutaneous excretion (sweat). Some wastes are eliminated via the biliary system into the digestive tract and removed with feces.

Regulation of excretion involves hormonal and neural controls, notably antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone affecting kidney function, as well as feedback mechanisms maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance and acid–base status.

Note: The standard German term is Ausscheidung. The form “HAusscheidung” is uncommon; if a specific concept is intended, please specify.