H2estäjät

H2estäjät, also known as H2 blockers or histamine H2-receptor antagonists, are a class of medications that reduce the production of stomach acid. They work by blocking the action of histamine on the histamine H2 receptors in the stomach lining. Histamine stimulates the parietal cells in the stomach to secrete gastric acid. By blocking these receptors, H2estäjät decrease the amount of acid released into the stomach.

These medications are commonly used to treat conditions related to excess stomach acid, such as peptic ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. They can help relieve symptoms like heartburn, indigestion, and stomach pain. H2estäjät are available both over-the-counter and by prescription, with dosages varying depending on the condition being treated and the specific medication.

Examples of H2estäjät include cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine, and nizatidine. While generally considered safe and effective, they can have side effects, although they are usually mild. These can include headache, dizziness, diarrhea, and constipation. Some H2estäjät can also interact with other medications, so it is important to consult a healthcare professional before starting treatment, especially if taking other drugs or having pre-existing medical conditions. The availability of certain H2estäjät has been affected by recalls due to the presence of a potential carcinogen, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA).