Höjdsjuka

Höjdsjuka, also known as altitude sickness, is a condition that can affect people traveling to high altitudes. It occurs when the body is exposed to lower levels of oxygen in the atmosphere. Symptoms can vary in severity and typically begin to appear within 12 to 24 hours of reaching a higher altitude, though they can also manifest sooner.

Common symptoms include headache, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Some individuals may also experience difficulty sleeping, shortness of breath, and a general feeling of malaise. While mild cases often resolve on their own as the body acclimatizes, more severe forms can develop into life-threatening conditions such as high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) or high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). HAPE involves fluid accumulation in the lungs, leading to severe breathing difficulties, while HACE is characterized by fluid accumulation in the brain, causing confusion, coordination problems, and potentially coma.

The risk of developing höjdsjuka increases with the speed of ascent and the altitude reached. Individuals with pre-existing medical conditions may be more susceptible. Prevention strategies include ascending gradually, allowing the body time to adjust to lower oxygen levels. Staying well-hydrated and avoiding alcohol and strenuous activity upon arrival at high altitude are also recommended. For those experiencing symptoms, descending to a lower altitude is the most effective treatment. In severe cases, medical attention is crucial.