Höhenreferenzdatum

A Höhenreferenzdatum, often translated as vertical datum or height reference system, is a reference surface or model used to define elevations or heights. It serves as a zero point from which all other vertical measurements are taken. Without a standardized datum, it would be impossible to consistently measure and compare elevations across different locations or over time. Different types of datums exist, each serving specific purposes.

One common type is the Mean Sea Level (MSL) datum. This is based on the average height of the sea's surface, which is considered relatively stable over long periods. However, local sea levels can be affected by tides, currents, and geological changes, making MSL not always perfectly consistent globally. Another approach involves geodetic datums, which are mathematically defined surfaces, often based on an ellipsoid model of the Earth. These are generally more precise for geodetic surveys and mapping.

The choice of a specific Höhenreferenzdatum is crucial for various applications, including engineering, construction, navigation, and scientific research. It ensures that height measurements are accurate and comparable, preventing errors and facilitating effective planning and execution of projects. Different countries and regions may adopt different datums, leading to the need for transformations when data from various sources is integrated. Therefore, understanding the datum used in any given measurement is essential for its correct interpretation.