Hólyagkövek

Hólyagkövek, also known as gallstones, are hardened deposits that form in the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a small organ located beneath the liver, responsible for storing and releasing bile, a fluid that aids in digestion. Gallstones are typically made of cholesterol, but can also be composed of bile pigments.

The formation of gallstones is not fully understood, but several factors are believed to contribute. These include a diet high in cholesterol and saturated fats, rapid weight loss, obesity, and certain medical conditions like diabetes. Genetics and age also play a role, with older individuals and those with a family history of gallstones being at higher risk.

Symptoms of gallstones can vary widely. Some individuals may experience no symptoms at all and the stones are discovered incidentally. When symptoms do occur, they often include sudden and rapidly intensifying pain in the upper right or center of the abdomen, which can radiate to the back or shoulder blade. This pain, known as a gallbladder attack, may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and indigestion.

Diagnosis of gallstones usually involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as an ultrasound. Treatment options depend on the presence and severity of symptoms. For asymptomatic gallstones, no treatment may be necessary. Symptomatic gallstones may be managed with medication to dissolve the stones, or surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) may be recommended. Cholecystectomy is a common procedure and most people can live a normal life without a gallbladder.