Gáztartály

Gáztartály is a term used for a container designed to store gases, either under pressure as compressed gases or as cryogenic liquids. These vessels are used in industrial settings, laboratories, and for fuel applications, and they vary greatly in size, pressure rating, and intended gas.

There are several main types of gáztartály. High-pressure cylinders or bottles store gases at substantial pressures for portable use, such as welding gases or medical oxygen. Stationary storage tanks hold larger quantities of gas at regulated pressures in industrial facilities. Cryogenic tanks are designed to store liquefied gases (for example LNG, liquid nitrogen) at very low temperatures and often feature double walls and insulation. Some fuel systems for vehicles use tanks specifically designed for compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

Construction and materials depend on the gas and application. Common materials include steel or aluminum alloys, with protective coatings to resist corrosion. Many tanks incorporate safety devices such as pressure relief valves, rupture discs, and level or gas detectors. Cryogenic tanks require insulation and containment systems to minimize boil-off and heat ingress. All gáztartály are designed to withstand internal pressure, external impacts, and temperature variations within their intended service.

Regulation and safety are central. Design, testing, marking, and periodic inspection are governed by national and international standards and safety regulations for pressure equipment and hazardous materials. Proper handling, ventilation, segregation from incompatible substances, and adherence to transport rules are essential to reduce risks of leaks, fire, or asphyxiation.

Applications include industrial gas supply, welding and fabrication, medical and laboratory uses, beverage carbonation, and alternative-fuel systems for vehicles and power generation. Regular maintenance and inspections help ensure reliable and safe operation.