Gwalior

Gwalior is a city in northern Madhya Pradesh, India, and the administrative headquarters of Gwalior district and division. It is a major commercial and transportation hub, with a long history and a prominent hill fort.

The city traces its origins to the Tomar dynasty, with the Gwalior Fort established in early medieval times. The fort later came under Rajput, Mughal, and Maratha influence. In the 18th and 19th centuries the Scindia rulers made Gwalior a princely state center; the fort and city were developed with palaces and temples. After India gained independence, Gwalior became part of the new Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.

Landmarks include the Gwalior Fort, a large hill fortress housing historic palaces and temples; Jai Vilas Palace, a 19th-century residence now functioning as a museum; and the Scindia Museum. The city is also known for its educational institutions, including Jiwaji University. The economy is diversified, with manufacturing, trade, and services; rail and road networks connect Gwalior with major cities in northern and central India.

With a population around one million in the urban area, Gwalior supports cultural events and hosts various educational and cultural institutions. It is a gateway to nearby attractions and a center for administration and industry in the region.