Graston

Graston, short for the Graston Technique, is a form of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) used by physical therapists, chiropractors, and athletic trainers. Developed by David Graston in the 1980s, it employs a set of stainless steel instruments with beveled edges to treat soft tissue injuries by addressing fascial restrictions and adhesions.

During treatment, a practitioner applies sweeping strokes with moderate pressure over the affected area, sometimes including adjacent tissue. The procedure can cause skin reddening and mild bruising and is typically brief, with multiple regions treated as part of a rehabilitation plan.

Indications include acute or chronic soft tissue injuries and conditions such as tendinopathies, fascial restrictions, scar tissue, and post-surgical adhesions. The goal is to improve tissue mobility, reduce pain, and support functional recovery within a broader therapy program.

Evidence regarding Graston is mixed. Some studies report small to moderate improvements in pain and function for certain conditions, while others show limited or inconsistent benefits. Methodological limitations are common, and higher-quality trials are needed to establish clearer effectiveness.

Safety and training: Graston is generally well tolerated but may cause transient soreness, redness, or bruising. Contraindications include open wounds, active infection, significant vascular disorders, unhealed fractures, anticoagulation, and certain pregnancy considerations. Practitioners typically receive specialized training and certification; the technique is marketed by Graston Technique, Inc., though similar IASTM tools and approaches are used by other providers.

See also IASTM, manual therapy, physical therapy.