Grapholitini

Grapholitini is a tribe of moths in the subfamily Olethreutinae, which belongs to the family Tortricidae. This family is commonly known as the tortrix moths or leafrollers. The tribe Grapholitini is characterized by a specific arrangement of wing venation and other morphological features that distinguish it from other related groups within Olethreutinae.

Species within the Grapholitini tribe are found worldwide, though their distribution varies significantly depending on the genus and species. They are particularly diverse in temperate and tropical regions. Many species of Grapholitini are of significant economic importance as agricultural pests. The larvae of these moths often feed on a wide variety of plants, including fruits, vegetables, trees, and other crops.

Notable genera within Grapholitini include Grapholita, Cydia, and Enarmonia. The genus Grapholita, for instance, contains several well-known pest species such as the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), which is a major pest of apples and pears. Other species may infest beans, peas, conifers, and various ornamental plants. The larval stages are typically the damaging ones, causing economic losses through direct feeding damage.

Research on Grapholitini often focuses on their bionomics, life cycles, and chemical ecology, including the use of pheromones for monitoring and control. Understanding these aspects is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies to mitigate crop damage and reduce the need for broad-spectrum insecticides.