Gramoxone

Gramoxone is a brand name for herbicides whose active ingredient is paraquat dichloride. It is used worldwide in agriculture, horticulture, and non-crop settings as a non-selective contact herbicide to eradicate a wide range of emerged weeds. Gramoxone formulations act quickly by killing green plant tissue on contact, with symptoms such as rapid tissue desiccation and collapse of treated plants. Because it is a contact herbicide, efficacy depends on thorough spray coverage and it does not rely on systemic translocation within the plant.

Formulations are typically concentrated liquids that are diluted with water for spray applications, or ready-to-use products. Applications are made post-emergence to actively growing weeds, and users must avoid contact with desirable crops, crops in development, or non-target vegetation. Label guidance includes precautions on drift, weather conditions, re-entry intervals, and appropriate tank-mix partners or adjuvants.

Safety and environmental considerations are central to Gramoxone use. Paraquat dichloride is highly toxic to humans and animals if ingested, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin, and there is no internationally available antidote. Handling and mixing require strict protective equipment and adherence to label directions. Exposure risks extend to accidental spills and environmental contamination; the product is hazardous to aquatic life. Paraquat can bind to soil particles and decompose under light, but proper containment and disposal remain essential.

Regulatory status varies by country; many jurisdictions impose strict controls, with some banning or severely restricting paraquat-based products and others requiring certified applicators and restricted-use labeling.