Gotland

Gotland is Sweden's largest island, located in the Baltic Sea off the southeast coast of the country. It forms Gotland County and Gotland Municipality, and its administrative center is Visby, the island’s historic capital and main urban area.

Geography and landscape contribute to Gotland's distinct character. The island covers about 3,140 square kilometres, making it the largest Swedish island. It sits on limestone bedrock and features a varied coastline with sea stacks known as rauk. The nearby island of Fårö lies to the north and is connected by a bridge. The landscape supports diverse habitats, from beaches and dunes to rocky outcrops and pine forests.

History and heritage have shaped Gotland for millennia. Human settlement dates back to the Stone Age, and Visby grew as a major Hanseatic trading town in the Middle Ages. The town retains extensive medieval fortifications and well-preserved streets and architecture. In 1995, the Hanseatic Town of Visby was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its historical significance and preserved urban fabric.

Culture and economy reflect a mix of tourism, agriculture, and crafts. Tourism is a major sector, drawn by Visby’s medieval atmosphere, the rauk fields on Fårö, and the island’s natural beauty. Gotlandic culture includes a distinctive local dialect and traditional events, such as the annual Gotland Medieval Week. Agriculture and fishing also contribute to the economy and landscape.

Transport and demographics: Gotland has a population of about 60,000, with a low to moderate population density. It is connected to the Swedish mainland by regular ferries to Nynäshamn and Oskarshamn and by Gotland Airport, which offers domestic flights to Stockholm, Gothenburg, and other destinations.