Glu84

Glu84 refers to a glutamate (glutamic acid) residue at position 84 in a protein sequence or chain. In protein sequences, residues are numbered from the N-terminus, so Glu84 denotes the 84th amino acid, identified by the one-letter code E and the three-letter code Glu. Numbering can differ between precursor sequences and mature chains, and in some contexts the residue may be referred to as E84.

The side chain of glutamate carries a negative charge at physiological pH and can participate in hydrogen bonding, salt-bridge formation, and electrostatic interactions. The presence of Glu84 is highly context-dependent: it can influence local structure, stabilize secondary or tertiary arrangements, contribute to active or binding sites, or help coordinate ligands, substrates, or metal ions. The exact role of Glu84 depends on the surrounding amino acids and the protein’s functional context.

Structural and mutational considerations are common when Glu84 is analyzed. In structural studies, Glu84 may participate in networks of interactions with water molecules, other residues, or bound ligands, as observed in X-ray crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy data. Mutations at position 84, such as E84A, E84Q, or E84K, are used to investigate its functional importance, effects on stability, and changes in catalytic activity or pH dependence. Outcomes of such mutations vary by protein and can range from diminished function to altered conformational dynamics.

Glu84 is reported in sequence databases (such as UniProt) and structural databases (such as the PDB) tied to the specific protein entry and chain. When discussed in literature, Glu84 is interpreted within the full structural and functional context of the protein.

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