GilgitBaltistan

GilgitBaltistan is a region in the northern part of Pakistan that operates as an autonomous territory within the country. It was formerly known as the Northern Areas and gained greater self-government with the GilgitBaltistan Empowerment and Self-Governance Order of 2009. Unlike the provinces, GilgitBaltistan is not a province, and its constitutional status within Pakistan has been the subject of ongoing debate and policy adjustments.

The territory lies in the high mountain systems of the Karakoram and the Himalaya. It contains some of the world’s tallest peaks, including K2, and features rugged terrain, glaciers, deep valleys, and high-altitude plateaus. The capital is Gilgit, while Skardu is a major urban center in the Baltistan subregion. GilgitBaltistan borders China to the north and east and Afghanistan to the northwest, with portions adjacent to the Indian-administered territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh to the south and southeast.

The population is diverse, with ethnic groups such as Balti, Shina, Burushaski, and Wakhi. Islam is the predominant religion, including Sunni, Shia, and Ismaili communities. Local culture emphasizes traditional crafts, music, and hospitality, with distinct regional customs across its valleys and districts.

Economy and infrastructure are centered on tourism, agriculture, and hydroelectric projects. The region’s scenery attracts trekking, mountaineering, and cultural tourism, particularly in Hunza, Nagar, and Baltistan areas. Infrastructure includes the Karakoram Highway and airports at Gilgit and Skardu, connecting GilgitBaltistan to Pakistan’s wider road and air networks.

Administratively, GilgitBaltistan is divided into districts and governed by a locally elected legislative assembly, an executive led by a Chief Minister, and a Governor representing the federal government. Defense, foreign affairs, and related powers remain under federal control.